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Breeding Season Of Farm Animals

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 BREEDING SEASON of FARM ANIMALS  In many species, the breeding activity of a female is affected by the seasons of the year. Such species are called Seasonal Breeders.  The period of the year when the breeding activity of females of a species is maximum is termed as Breeding Season. Monoestrus Animals  These are those animals that show heat signs only once during their breeding season. An example of a Monoestrus animal is Bitch. Polyester Animals  These are those animals that show heat signs more than once during their breeding season. Examples of Polyestrus animals are sheep, goats, mare, etc. Short-Day Breeders  These are species in which breeding activity increases as the day length decreases. Typical examples of Short-day breeders are Sheep and Goats. Long-Day Breeders  These are species in which breeding activity increases as the day length increases. A typical example of a Long-Day breeder is Mare. Sheep & Goats  In sheep & goats, the breeding season is autumn....
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Female Reproductive System Of Cow

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 Anatomy And Physiology Of Reproductive System : Female reproductive tract of various farm animals are similar to the cow but differ primarily in the shape of uterus and cervix. Female tract consists of : ➤Vulva  ➤Vagina ➤ Cervix  ➤Uterus ➤Uterine Horns ➤ Fallopian Tube ➤Ovaries Vulva  Exterior portion and opening of the female reproductive tract. The vulva is the exterior opening of the reproductive and urinary system. The exterior and the visible part of the vulva consists of two folds called the Labia Majora . The Labia Minora are the two folds located just inside the Labia Majora. Clitoris This organ is responsible for stimulating female orgasm. The clitoris is the sensory and erectile organ of the female(sensory organ analogous to the male's penis). It is located just inside the vulva. Stimulation of the clitoris causes contractions that move semen into the female reproductive tract. Vagina The vagina serves as the female organ of copulation (receptacle for the...
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Hypothalamus And Its Hormones

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  Hypothalamus is an ovoid mass located at the base of the brain. It is composed of many bilaterally paired nuclei (Cell bodies within CNS are called Nuclei). These Nuclei are separated by the medial portion of the Hypothalamus, the Third Ventricle of the brain. The pituitary Gland lies below Hypothalamus in a bony depression of Sphenoid bone, called as “Sella Tunica”. The hypothalamus is a small region located within the brain that controls many bodily functions, including eating and drinking, sexual functions and behaviors, blood pressure and heart rate, body temperature maintenance, the sleep-wake cycle, and emotional states (e.g., fear, pain, anger, and pleasure). Hypothalamic hormones play a pivotal role in the regulation of many of those functions. Because the hypothalamus is part of the central nervous system, the hypothalamic hormones actually are produced by nerve cells (i.e., neurons). In addition, because signals from other neurons can modulate the release of hypothalami...
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